Langues africaines et traduction automatique : exploration des outils existants et stratégies de pérennisation dans l’environnement numérique
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.62920/3wr56492Mots-clés :
traduction automatique, langues minorisées, décolonisation, revitalisation linguistique, langues africainesRésumé
La traduction automatique (TA) constitue un levier technologique essentiel pour la préservation et la promotion des langues africaines minorisées dans l’environnement numérique. Cet article évalue l’impact de la TA sur ces langues en examinant trois dimensions complémentaires : son application dans les processus de documentation linguistique, sa contribution au développement de ressources numériques et son potentiel comme outil de revitalisation linguistique. Notre analyse met en évidence les obstacles majeurs liés à la représentativité des données, aux considérations éthiques du développement technologique et aux risques d’impérialisme linguistique. Face à ces enjeux, nous proposons un cadre méthodologique pour une TA collaborative, critique et décoloniale, qui s’appuie sur des approches participatives, des infrastructures ouvertes et une implication accrue des institutions africaines. L’article souligne l’importance d’intégrer la TA dans une stratégie globale de préservation de la diversité linguistique africaine.
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